You are here

Mathematical Treasure: Bradwardine's Geometry and Arithmetic

Author(s): 
Frank J. Swetz (The Pennsylvania State University)

Geometria speculativa, by Thomas Bradwardine (ca. 1295-1349), was published in 1511. It was one of the first geometries not based solely on Euclid. The cover of the particular edition examined here contains marginal comments of previous readers.

Title page of Geometria speculativa by Thomas Bradwarine, 1511

The first pages of text contain definitions and accompanying illustrations.

First page of Geometria speculativa by Thomas Bradwarine, 1511

Second page of Geometria speculativa by Thomas Bradwarine, 1511

An edition of Thomas Bradwardine’s Arithmethica was published in 1513. It was a rather brief book of a few pages and considered some basics of arithmetic. The cover illustration depicts fourteen monks listening to a reader depicted in the upper center. One assumes that the lecture concerned mathematics.

Title page of Arithmethica by Thomas Bradwardine, 1513

The opening page of the text contains marginal notes of a past reader.

First page of Arithmethica by Thomas Bradwardine, 1513

The images above are provided courtesy of Columbia University Libraries. A complete copy of Geometria speculativa is also available in the Internet Archive.

Index to Mathematical Treasures

Frank J. Swetz (The Pennsylvania State University), "Mathematical Treasure: Bradwardine's Geometry and Arithmetic," Convergence (June 2018)